Clavical Fractures

• Trauma: Clavicle fractures commonly result from a direct blow to the shoulder or a fall onto an outstretched arm, causing excessive force to be transmitted through the clavicle.
• Types: Clavicle fractures can occur at different locations along the bone, including the medial (proximal), midshaft, or lateral (distal) regions. Midshaft fractures are the most common type, accounting for approximately 80% of all clavicle fractures, followed by lateral fractures and medial fractures.

• Pain: Patients with clavicle fractures typically experience localized pain at the site of the injury, which may worsen with movement or weight-bearing activities.
• Swelling and Bruising: Swelling, bruising, and tenderness may develop around the fractured area, indicating soft tissue injury and inflammation.
• Deformity: Depending on the severity and location of the fracture, visible deformity or asymmetry of the collarbone may be present, suggesting displacement or angulation of the bone fragments.

• Physical Examination: A thorough physical examination, including inspection, palpation, range of motion assessment, and neurovascular examination, is essential for identifying signs of fracture and associated injuries.
• Imaging Studies: Imaging modalities such as X-rays, CT scans, or ultrasound may be ordered to confirm the diagnosis, characterize the fracture pattern, assess for associated injuries, and guide treatment planning.

Conservative Management:

• Non-operative treatment may be considered for minimally displaced or stable clavicle fractures, particularly in cases without significant shortening or displacement.
• Conservative measures may include immobilization with a sling or figure-of-eight brace, pain management, and early mobilization under the guidance of a physical therapist.

ORIF (Open Reduction Internal Fixation):

• Surgical intervention with ORIF is indicated for displaced or unstable clavicle fractures, particularly in cases with significant displacement, shortening, or skin tenting.
• During ORIF, the fractured bone fragments are realigned (reduced) into their anatomical position, and internal fixation devices such as plates, screws, or pins are used to stabilize the fracture and promote bone healing.
• Postoperative rehabilitation focuses on protecting the surgical site, restoring shoulder range of motion and strength, and gradually increasing functional activities under the guidance of a physical therapist.